political philosophy of Indonesia is "unity in diversity" or as each school "Bhinneka Tunggal Ika" child learns in the second grade of primary school.
you just look at the statistics on inhabited islands (922 permanently inhabited by more than 17,000), languages (719, of which 709 live), religions (five recognized by the constitution), race (45 Javanese% Sundanese 14%, Madurese 7.5% = 2 / 3rds of Java and Madura, coastal Malays 7.5%, other 26%). , the country needs this fundamental political principle of "unity in diversity".
set now that can be seen against the main causes of social unrest, and it is not surprising that we are the land disputes (13% of all disputes at the national level), the second leading cause of conflict in the country after criminal activities (16%) and that the land disputes are more likely than other disputes to be palpable. See graph below
frequency of conflicts in Indonesia by Type
next Living "the neighbor from hell" is not a recipe for a peaceful and harmonious life.
main causes of land disputes are border issues and the denial of access to their own land. This may have as a neighbor in an existing close ties to express on the implementation of plant pots insisted from embellish "their" or portion of the band, even worse, from the landowners a part of the country the local gang purchase and then deliberately and now use it legally their family car (s) to park in one piece, which is made to be municipal band country and thus the denial of access to all other residents along this band.
as such disputes are decided to go overland, to the satisfaction of all within our lifetime
If there is a land conflict that are traditional - and still most commonly used strategy - is the Kepala Desa or Kepala Desa Adat (the village head or head go village customary law), provided they are purchased to be impartial and not open to see. . Built in the Indonesian Constitution and organization of civil society is the idea of Rukun or harmony and musyawarah-mufakat or assembly is to a mutual consensus agreement reached "Let all cool, get parties impartially involved - and especially hear common sense - these ancient disputes must be resolved peacefully, so that everyone can move on to meet their higher needs in life. See graph below
Maslow's hierarchy of needs
share land disputes, such as religion, families and neighborhoods in two or more fractions.
Indonesian civil society has the usual practice of consensus decision-called musyawarah-mufakat (consultation and consensus) This process is for each party allowed his desires and the reasons for its position to express, and the task of negotiating the common law foreman (Kepala Desa Adat) on behalf of the Community adopted as the basis of democratic stability. it, a compromise must be reach that is acceptable for each party.
Many other companies, national governments and international institutions like the United Nations, the North Atlantic Treaty Organization NATO and the European Community leaders take the same processes to move only on a majority vote after a long process of considering where no consensus or agreement to achieve.
This is the system of government throughout Indonesia, from banjar to local and national parliament, the DPRD and DVR. The last two years plus the Obama administration has been so - every major decision on the wire that less than optimal solution before is reached a few days after the deadline has expired. Here, everyone can claim they did not cave, and what has been achieved at the end, the "best deal possible." Was - An agreement
The reason for adopting this principle or approach are manifold [
In Javanese society confrontation, and the resulting loss of face for the loser is avoided at all costs.
In the formation of his youth, Indonesia great importance to the development of its citizens shall warga Negara yang baik to Menjadi - to be a good citizen in a country that celebrates to be in the air in the diversity of its unit satu tanah, satu bendera, satu bahasa (Sumpah Pemuda) - one country, one flag, one language - first stated in the oath of Youth on 28 October adopted, 1928.
True its first two presidents this consensus politics abused by their authoritarian. They made the people who owe them their livelihoods and positions of power - governors, members of the army and the police, who in her own party - to ensure the DPR that they got their way
It is important to . recognize that to reach the agreement, the culmination of respect is in any solution, whether political, economic or in society: it is the best of all possible worlds is. And within Indonesian politics and society in general, this is often achieved. Its main negative is that it is inefficient - a long time to reach a consensus - but also that problems in the "too difficult" category, in a sense for years and cause the system itself, by the fact no decision unresolved is done is unfair, unjust.
But we have to be realistic, too. It is in the Javanese culture common to appoint a mediator, a negotiator, whose job it is to find a solution that is acceptable to both sides. Often a person who is respected by the opponents is chosen because it more gladly accepted and is often seen as impartial, while in reality their job is a solution to negotiate, which ultimately promotes their paymasters. The difference is that, as you know, are screwed if you can negotiate even small concessions you can feel reassured and that the effort is justified.
This process or strategy dates back to at least the time of Pluto and has been developed since the mid-twentieth century, by mathematicians and has applied in many areas of life. The mathematics developed a "pay-off matrix", whose function is, the minimum you find to pay or have to lose to adopt the deal solution. Each party will seek the best solution for themselves and it streamlines the position of each party by a monetary or other value on the Grand Bargain place.
agreements are allowed if a party that is willing to pay a lot to find another party, both to accept a lower amount prepared to obtain a win-win solution for them. This economic efficiency is sought by each player, so that all players eventually reach the most cost effective solution for them. Then bring the broker to show achieved together in public their strong support for the agreement all parties. This is also the essence of the game theory, where the goal is to gain consensus for an optimal solution, wanted the deal, in which each party and achieved the best compromise result they can. The theory also shows what can be observed in practice that the more players there are, the less likely a deal will be reached. In this case, the negotiator is B, to plan most, where those who do not reach completely lose their focus and as often as the "opt-out" of the majority solution.
Back to our gang land conflict. Either they resolve peacefully, go to war, or to sell and move on!
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